淫羊藿苷与金雀异黄酮对大鼠峰值骨量的影响

Effects of Icariin and Genistein on Peak Bone Mass in Rats

目的研究淫羊藿苷(ICA)是否比金雀异黄酮(GEN)能更有效地提高大鼠峰值骨密度与骨质量,探寻更有效地预防骨质疏松发生的药物。方法 1月龄健康SD雌性大鼠随机抽样法分为3组:对照组(n=12)、淫羊藿苷组[n=12,25 mg/(kg·d)灌胃]和金雀异黄酮组[n=12,10 mg/(kg·d)灌胃]。每周称量体重,每月测量全身骨密度,3个月后处死所有大鼠,取血测定血清骨钙素、抗酒石酸性磷酸酶5b、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽和Ⅰ型胶原C末端肽的含量,取双侧股骨与胫骨分别进行骨密度检测、显微CT扫描、骨形态计量和生物力学测量。剥离心、肝、脾、肺、胃、肾、肾上腺和子宫后称重,计算器官指数,并做常规病理学检测。结果大鼠体重3组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各器官指数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),病理学观察无异常改变。第1、2个月大鼠全身骨密度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但3个月后,ICA组显著高于GEN组与对照组(P<0.05),股骨骨密度与全身骨密度存在相同变化趋势(P<0.05);ICA组血清骨钙素水平高于对照组,而抗酒石酸性磷酸酶5b含量较GEN组和对照组显著降低(P<0.05);ICA组的骨体积百分率、骨小梁厚度和骨小梁数量均高于对照组,但骨小梁分离度和模型系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),ICA组与GEN组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ICA组与GEN组的股骨最大载荷、弹性模量和屈服强度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),ICA组与GEN组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论口服淫羊藿苷比金雀异黄酮更强地抑制骨吸收和促进骨形成,从而提高大鼠的峰值骨密度和骨质量,具有比金雀异黄酮更强的药效。

Objective To compare the effects of icariin （ICA） and genistein （GEN） on rats bone peak mass and thus screen for a drug that can more effectively prevent osteoporosis. Methods Totally 36 one- month SD rats were randomly divided into three groups： ICA group [ 25 rag/ （kg·d）, intragastric administra- tion], GEN group [ 10 rag/ （kg·d）, intragastric administration], and control group （fed with equal volume of distilled water） . The body weight was monitored weekly and the bone mineral density of total body was meas-ured monthly. All rats were sacrificed three months later. The femoral bone mineral density and the serum levels of osteocalcin and anti-tartaric acid phosphatase 5b, N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, and C-terminal propeptide of type I collagen were measured. The bone microarchitectures were analyzed with micro-CT and the bone biomechanics properties were tested with universal material machine. Results The body weight and organ index showed no significant difference among these three groups （ P 〉0. 05 ） . No obvious pathological change was found. The bone mineral density was also not significantly different in the first and second months; however, in the third months, the ICA group had significant higher bone mineral density for both total body and femur than those in the control and GEN group （P 〈 0. 05） . The same trends were found for both femur bone mineral density and whole-body bone mineral density （ P 〈0. 05 ） . The ICA group also had significantly higher serum levels of osteocalcin （P 〈0. 05） and lower level of anti-tartaric acid phosphatase 5b （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Besides, rats in the ICA group had significantly larger bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness, and trabecular number than the control group, whereas the trabecular spacing and model coefficients were signicantly lower （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）, which, however, were not significantly different between ICA group and GEN group （P 〉 0. 05 ） . Femoral maximum load, Youg＇ s modulus, and yield load were significantly higher in these two groups than in the control group （P 〈 0, 05）, which, again, were not significantly different between ICA group and GEN group （P 〉 0. 05） . Conclusion Orally administered ICA is more efficient than GEN in inhibiting resorption and promoting bone formation, and thus can dramatically improve the peak bone mineral density and bone quality.