PIK3CA基因突变在结直肠癌中的研究进展

Research progress of PIK3CA gene mutation in colorectal cancer

结直肠癌是较常见的恶性肿瘤,发病率在我国呈逐年上升趋势。肿瘤的发生是多因素、多阶段、多基因改变的结果,包括原癌基因的激活与抑癌基因的失活。PIK3CA基因是近年发现的除KRAS突变之外的结直肠癌常见的突变基因,PI3K下游信号通路的异常活化在结直肠癌的发生过程中发挥着重要的作用。本文就PIK3CA基因的生物学作用,参与肿瘤不同阶段的发展,以及PIK3CA作为肿瘤标志物和分子靶点的潜在临床价值简要作一综述。

Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor,incidence is increasing year by year in China.Tumor is many factors,many stages and more the result of genetic changes,including the activation of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene inactivation.In recent years,PIK3CA mutation is very common in addition to KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer,PI3K signaling pathways downstream of the abnormal activation play an important role in colorectal cancer happen process.In this paper,we reviewed the biological role of PIK3CA gene,the function of PIK3CA gene in different stages of tumor development,and the potential clinical value of PIK3CA gene as tumor biomarker and molecular target.