胃癌干细胞的研究进展

Progress on gastric cancer stem cell research

随着恶性肿瘤基础研究的不断深入,肿瘤干细胞的存在被越来越多的基础和临床研究所证实。目前,包括血液系统肿瘤和实体瘤在内的多种肿瘤干细胞已被分离纯化和鉴定。胃癌作为目前在中国发病率和致死率最高的肿瘤之一,其具有肿瘤干细胞特性的胃癌细胞亚群已被分选出来,但多数研究对胃癌干细胞的特异性表面标志物尚不能达成共识,导致胃癌干细胞表面标志物未能明确。至今已有多项研究先后报道了不同表面标志物的胃癌干样细胞,它们中的大部分都可分化为其他具有不同表型的胃癌细胞,并可以在体外克隆成球及在免疫缺陷小鼠体内成瘤,符合肿瘤干细胞自我更新、多向分化、高效致瘤等特征。本文就近年胃癌干细胞及其分离鉴定方面的研究进展进行综述。

With the progress on the basic study of malignant tumor,the existence of cancer stem cell has been confirmed by numerous researches and well accepted.So far,numbers of cancer stem cells including hematological malignancy and solid tumors have been isolated and identified.As one of the top morbidity and mortality rate cancers,the gastric cancer cells which obtain the characteristics of cancer stem cells have been separated.Because of the consensus of the specific marker of gastric cancer cells has not been reached,the marker has not been confirmed yet.So far,a great number of relative researches have reported different gastric cancer stem-like cells,most of which interestingly possess the characteristics of cancer stem cells including the ability of plate clone formation,differentiation and tumorigenicity.The passage will summarize the researches on gastric cancer stem cells in recent years.