下颌骨正中牵引成骨系统有限元模型的建立

Fabrication of a Finite Element Model on the Study of Mandible Symphyseal Distraction Osteogenesis

目的:建立使用3种不同牵引器(牙支持式、骨支持式和混合支持式)的下颌骨正中牵引成骨系统的有限元模型。方法:使用人体颌面部标准解剖模型,通过激光扫描,建立下颌骨、牙列和颞下颌关节盘的三维几何模型。描绘出颞下颌关节囊轮廓并生成关节囊几何模型。将下颌骨几何模型和3种牵引器简化几何模型导入有限元建模软件中,建立3种牵引器的下颌骨正中牵引成骨系统的有限元模型。结果:成功建立了使用3种牵引器下,颞下颌关节可自行旋转的下颌骨正中牵引成骨的有限元模型。结论:该模型仿真程度高,接近临床实际,为后续研究下颌骨正中牵引成骨对颞下颌关节的生物力学影响,提供了良好的实验平台。

Objective： To fabricate a finite element model （FEM） of mandible symphyseal distraction osteogenesis （MSDO）, which contains tooth-borne type, bone-borne type and hybrid type distractors. Methods： A virtual model of the mandible was produced from laser scanning data of a standard anatomical model of human skull. The outline of the articular capsule was manually drawn and modeled. Three types of distractors were simulated by simplified models. The FEM of MSDO with three types of distractors was generated based on these virtual models. As the boundary conditions, the mandible was supported by restraining all the movements at the articular fossa. The condyle and the disk could move automatically according to the stress during the simulation of the distraction. Results： A high emulational FEM of MSDO was successfully fabricated. Conclusion： This FEM of MSDO has high degree clinical simulation, which can provide a platform for further research of biomechanical effect of midsymphyseal distraction osteogenesis with three types of distractors on the mandible and articular disc.