纳米银抗菌活性及生物安全性研究进展

Progress in Research on Antibacterial Action and Biological Safety of Nano-Silver

综述纳米银抗菌活性和生物安全性方面的研究进展。近几年,纳米科学领域得到了空前的发展。这其中纳米银由于抗菌谱广、抗菌作用强、且不易产生细菌耐药性,具有广泛的应用前景,人们越来越多地接触纳米银。尽管目前有关纳米银的毒性研究报道较多,但是现有的安全性评价标准难以真实准确地反映纳米银的毒性情况,因此,其生物安全性应引起各方面的关注。通过分析纳米银的呼吸系统毒性、皮肤毒性、消化系统毒性、发育和遗传毒性等在体生物毒性以及体外细胞毒性,以期提供全面的毒理学评价资料。因此,在关注纳米银独特的抗菌活性的同时,应建立评价纳米银生物安全性的标准方法,并以此为基础制备高效低毒的纳米银制剂。

The progresses of research on the antibacterial activity and biological safety of nano-silver are summarized herein. The development of nanometer technology in recent years is unprecedented. Nano- silver, to which people are exposed more and more frequently, has an extensive application prospect due to its antibacterial spectrum, powerful antibacterial action and insusceptibility to bacterial resistance. Although there are numerous research papers on the toxicity of nano-silver, the safety evaluation standards for nacro-materials can hardly reflect the toxicity of nano-silver with truthfulness and accuracy. Thus, the urgent to assess the safety of nano-silver shall be recognized by various parties. With analyses of in vivo nano-silver toxicity on the respiratory system, skin and the digestive system, developmental and genetic processes as well as in vitro cytotoxieity, this paper aims at providing comprehensive toxicological evaluation data. Therefore, along with attention on the antibacterial effects of nano-silver, standard methods shall be established for the biological safety assessment of nano-silver, which would lay the basis for the preparation of nano-silver with high efficiency and low toxicity.