沙尘天气对兰州市城区环境空气质量影响研究

Effects of Dust Weather on Air Quality in Lanzhou City

以2013年3月8 ～15日兰州市发生的系统性沙尘天气为例,分析了兰州市PM10、TSP以及能见度等污染物及气象因子对兰州市城区环境空气质量的影响.结果表明,此次沙尘天气甘肃始发地在河西走廊酒泉地区,主要受强冷空气影响,沙尘在风力影响下远距离输送,8日17：00在酒泉市发生时,大气最低能见度3.4 km,可吸入颗粒物最大浓度14.74 mg/m3,23：00影响到兰州等地,对甘肃省大部分地区影响较大,尤其对兰州市环境空气质量影响较大；受沙尘天气的影响,8 ～15日兰州市环境空气质量7d为重污染,1d为中度污染,首要污染物为可吸入颗粒物；能见度和可吸入颗粒物有明显的的负相关关系,湿度对能见度和颗粒物浓度的拟合存在影响.

With dust weather in Lanzhou City during Mar. 8 - 15, 2013 as example, effects of PM10, TSP, visibility and meteorological factors on air quality were analyzed. The results showed that the origin place is in Jiuquan, the atmospheric minimum visibility 3.4 km, the maximum concentration of inhalable particles 14.74 mg/m3. Affected by the dust weather, 7 d heavy pollution, 1 d middle level pollution, the primary pollutant is particulate matter; visibility and inhalable particles have obvious negative correlation, humidity has effects on fitting of visibility and concentration of particulates.