天山北坡典型草地封育围栏效果及其光谱特征分析

The Fence Effect and Spectral Characteristics of Typical Grassland on the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain

【目的】结合地上生物量及盖度分析光谱曲线来研究围栏封育的效果及其光谱的特征。【方法】研究选取了天山北坡荒漠草原草地围栏内外、山地低草草甸草地围栏内外4种类型,采用SVC HR 768地物光谱仪测量草地冠层的光谱反射率,生成光谱曲线;利用目测法测定植被的盖度,利用样方测定的方法测定植被的地上生物量。【结果】围栏封育一定时间后,围栏内的盖度及地上生物量均远远大于围栏外的;2011和2012年荒漠草原草地围栏内及2012年山地低草草甸草地围栏内外的光谱曲线均具有明显的绿色植物的光谱特征,而荒漠草原草地围栏外的反射峰和水分吸收谷都不太明显。【结论】围栏封育对植被恢复具有一定的效果;不同草地类型的光谱曲线存在很大的差异;相同草地围栏内外的光谱曲线也不相同。

[ Objective ] The purpose of this project aims to explore fencing effect and spectral characteris- tics combining aboveground biomass and coverage analysis of spectral curve. [ Method ] In the study, canopy spectral reflectance of four kinds in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain was measured by using the SVC HR768 spectrometer, which was the desert steppe, low meadow inside and outside the fencing. Visual obser- vation was used to determine the vegetation coverage and sampling method to determine the above ground bio- mass. [ Result] Fencing after a certain time, the vegetation cover and aboveground biomass inside the fence were greater than the outside; Curve of spectrum of the 2011, 2012 desert grassland fence and the 2012 low grass meadow fence all have obvious spectral signature of green plants, but the reflected peaks and moisture absorption valleys outside the desert grassland fence were not obvious. [ Conclusion ] Fencing has effect on veg- etation restoration ; there was a difference of spectral curve in different grassland types, and the spectral curve in and outside the same grassland type fencing was not the same either.