英国以社区卫生服务为核心的卫生保健体系对中国的启示

The British New Health and Care Systemand Its Implications for China

2013年英国卫生部公布了国民健康服务制度(NHS)体系的最新改革方案,建立了以社区卫生服务为核心的卫生保健体系(HCS)。本文通过文献分析法,简要回溯了英国卫生服务体系的建设,对英国NHS改革进行了重点介绍,然后对照中国卫生服务的现状进行分析。英国新HCS扩大了卫生服务供给者的范围,并将卫生服务委托权从国家移交到地方,形成了以社区卫生服务为中心,服务提供者、支持者、监管者和责任者多方协作的多层保障体系。中国卫生服务建设应建立分级就医制度、卫生服务内部市场、独立的监管机构并加强组织合作。

In 2013, the British Department of Health declared a new reform plan of the National Health Service （NHS） system to establish a set of health services （the New Health and Care System, HCS） taking community health services as its core. In this paper, we firstly did a brief review of the HCS system, then introduced the NHS reform, lastly analyzed the de- velopment status of community health service in China through comparing it with the NHS system. The new HCS system extended the scope of the health service providers and shifted the health services delegated authority from central government to local ones, forming a multi - level medical security system with community health services as its core, where services providers, supporters, supervisors, duty offices should cooperate with each other. To develop community health service in China, the government should make efforts on establishing a classified medical service system, formulating the inner market of health service, and build- ing its independent supervision department while enhancing inter - organization cooperation. The British health service system re- form offers significant implications for the building of Chinese health service.