农户信用担保的模式、困境与创新方向

Analysis on the Farmer's Debts Guarantee Models、Difficulty Position and Innovation

在金融市场上,信用担保能够缓解信息不对称问题,促进双方的借贷交易。金融机构在农户贷款抵押担保、保证担保和质押担保等信用担保方面,都做了大量探索,形成了多种模式。但是,农户信用担保仍然面临着不少困境,如农户缺乏抵押资产,试办的土地承包经营权抵押担保违背有关法律规定,担保品的评估、管理与处置存在障碍,农户难觅担保人,等等。农户信用担保需要创新。本文认为,应继续推进土地使用权质押、抵押探索,挖掘农户土地承包经营权的抵押功能;应大力发展人的担保制度,如农户联保担保贷款制度、农民专业合作社担保制度、农业龙头企业担保制度;政府应鼓励、支持信用担保公司扩大农户担保业务。各方形成合力,共同促进农户信用担保制度的发展。

In financial market guarantee can solve the problems caused by asymmetric information and help to bring about trade. Financial organizations have tried to make more models of farm＇ s debts guarantee such as loan on mortgage, loan on guarantee and loan on hypothecation. But the development of farm＇ s debts guarantee will be face with more difficulty positions, such as that lots of farm are short of collateral security and hard to find guarantor, the rights of farm＇ land contractor as a collateral security broke the laws, it＇ s difficult for financial organizations to evaluate, to manage and to handle those collateral security. The system of farm＇s debts guarantee needs innovation. The financial organizations should carry forward to try to use the rights of farm＇ land contractor as a collateral security, and tap the latent power of the rights of farm＇ land contractor; the government should develop persona guarantee system, such as farm joint guarantee, farm cooperative guarantee, and agricultural dragon - head enterprise guarantee; the government should encourage and support bonding companies expand their guarantee for farms. Then farm＇ guarantee system will develop rapidly.