无锡市2007-2012年住院分娩新生儿出生特征分析

Study on the birth characteristics of neonates born in hospital from 2007 to 2012 in Wuxi City

目的了解无锡市医院分娩新生儿的出生特征及其影响因素，探讨干预措施，为长期研究奠定基础。方法采用描述性研究方法，收集无锡市2007-2012年所有产科医院分娩新生儿的登记信息，分析出生性别比、剖宫产率、出生缺陷发生率及围生儿死亡率等出生人12I特征。结果无锡市新生儿出生性别比为113：100，城市、流动人12I、产妇年龄≥25岁、产次≥2次以及剖宫产可能是影响出生性别比增高的危险因素（P〈0．001）。出生缺陷发生率呈逐年递减趋势（P〈0．001），城市、本地人口、产妇年龄〈20岁、男性胎儿及产次=1可能是影响出生缺陷发生率增加的因素（P〈0．001）。围生儿死亡率总体呈下降趋势，剖宫产发生率呈递增趋势。结论无锡市出生缺陷发生率逐年递减，但出生性别比偏高，围生儿死亡率和剖宫产发生率上升，需采取措施提高监测质量，以提高出生人口素质。

Objective To understand the birth characteristics and influencing factors of neonates born in hospital in Wuxi City and explore the intervention measures, in order to lay the foundation of long-term research. Methods Using descriptive research method, the registration information of newborns from all maternity hospital of Wuxi City from 2007 to 2012 were col- lected. Birth population characteristics, such as the sex ratio, the rate of uterine-incision delivery, the incidence of birth de- fects and the mortality of perinatal were analyzed. Results The birth sex ratio of neonates in Wuxi City was 113：100. City, the fluid population, maternal aged ≥ 25 years, parity ≥ 2 times and uterine-incision delivery could be the risk factors of increased sex ratio （P 〈 0.001）. The incidence of birth defects was decreasing year by year （P 〈 0.001）. City, the local population, maternal aged 〈 20 years, male fetuses, and one time parity might be the influence factors of the increased birth defect （P 〈 0.001）. As a whole, the perinatal mortality rate was decreasing; however, the rate of uterine-incision delivery was increasing year by year. Conclusion The incidence of birth defects is decreasing year by year, but the sex ratio is higher, the perinatal mortality and the rate of uterine-incision delivery are rising in Wuxi City. To improve the quality of the newborn population, measures should be taken to improve the monitoring quality.