相邻关系的民法调整

Neighboring Relations and The Regulation of Civil Law

德国法系相邻关系所有权扩张说不能包涵全部相邻关系的民法调整方法 ,且在与所有权概念衔接、权利客体等方面存在着一系列难以克服的理论缺陷。相邻关系民法调整方法应包括相邻权、所有权限制、物上请求权、疆界及标志物的共有四种方法 ,并以法国法系的法定地役权观念来定义相邻权本质。应重视习惯的作用 ,综合运用物权和债权调整方法 ,尊重当事方意愿、允许变更约定 ,赋予相邻方一定自治的权利。

The German theory of “ownership expansion”can not include the all civil law methods to regulate the neighboring relations.It appears some theoretic shortcomings,which are difficult to be eliminated in connection with the concept of ownership,object of rights.The author believes there should be four methods to regulate neighboring relations:right to neighboring relations,restriction of ownership,request on real property,board line.To discover the nature of the right to the neighboring relations,the author refers to the French concept of the legal right to use of land.The author also emphases the importance of civil customs,comprehensive methods of regulation,parties' free will and agreement.