2型糖尿病患者口腔假丝酵母菌属感染调查分析

Investigation of oral Candidainfections in patients with type 2 diabetes

目的分析2型糖尿病患者口腔发生假丝酵母菌属感染的相关危险因素,以提供有效依据预防其感染。方法抽选60例2型糖尿病患者为调查研究对象,分别记录其性别、年龄、病程、口腔黏膜情况、空腹血糖、义齿修复以及基础疾病进行分析;糖尿病患者采取标准含漱浓缩法进行口腔假丝酵母菌属培养;应用logistic回归多因素分析2型糖尿病患者口腔假丝酵母菌属感染与临床各项危险因素的相关性。结果 60例2型糖尿病患者发生口腔假丝酵母菌属感染的有29例,感染率48.3%;检出假丝酵母菌属以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占76.9%;logistic回归多因素分析显示,空腹血糖增高(OR=1.993,95%CI=1.971～4.096)、黏膜干燥(OR=4.620,95%CI=1.652～12.903)以及牙石状况(OR=3.840,95%CI=1.984～7.432)为2型糖尿病患者发生口腔假丝酵母菌属感染的独立危险因素。结论空腹血糖增高、黏膜干燥以及牙石状况为2型糖尿病患者口腔发生假丝酵母菌属感染的独立危险因素,应加强2型糖尿病患者口腔预测是否存在假丝酵母菌属感染,及时进行口腔护理,降低口腔假丝酵母菌属感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related risk factors for oral Candida infections in the patients with type 2 diabetes so as to put forward effective prevention measures. METHODS Totally 60 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the study, then the gender, age, illness course, status of oral mucosa, fasting glucose, dentures, and incidence of complications were recorded, the culture of oral Candida was performed by using the standard mouthwash concentration; the multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out for the correlation between the incidence of oral Candida infections in the patients with type 2 diabetes and the related risk factors. RESULTS Of totally 60 cases of patients with type 2 diabetes, the oral Candida infections occurred in 29 cases with the infection rate of 48.3%. Among the Candida spp isolated, the Candida albicans was dominant, accounting for 76.9%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the elevated level of fasting blood glucose （OR = 1. 993,95%CI= 1. 971-4. 096）, dry mucous membranes （OR= 4. 620,95%CI= 1. 652-12. 903）, and condition of calculus （OR= 3. 840,95%CI= 1. 984-7. 432） were the independent risk factors for the oral Candida infections in the patients with type 2 diabetes patients. CONCLUSION The elevated level of fasting blood glucose, dry mucous membranes, and condition of calculus are the independent risk factors for the oral Candida infections in the pa- tients with type 2 diabetes; it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the type 2 diabetes patients with oral Candida infections and perform oral care in timely manner so as to reduce the incidence of oral Candida infections.