出口固定投入成本与扩展边际理论研究述评及展望

Review and Prospect on the Theoretical Study of Fixed Input Cost of Export and the Extensive Margin

出口固定投入成本是异质性企业贸易理论的核心内容。出口固定投入成本与扩展边际的关系是国际经济学研究前沿,并且是各国政府及多个国际经济组织从贸易便利化角度探索贸易持续发展的新方向。本文从基于企业/产品水平扩展边际的单产品异质性企业贸易模型、基于企业-产品-国家水平扩展边际的多产品异质性企业贸易模型和基于消费者扩展边际的多产品异质性企业贸易模型三个方面评述了出口固定投入成本对扩展边际影响的理论进展,并认为影响出口固定投入成本性质和组成的微观基础、出口固定投入成本对多产品企业产品集和产品分布的影响以及比较优势框架下多产品异质性企业贸易模型是未来研究的方向。

Fixed input cost of export is the core content of the heterogeneous - firm trade theories. The relationship between fixed input cost of export and the extensive margin is the forefront field of international economics, and it is also the new sustainable development direction of trade what trade facilitation is pursuing. The review on the theoretical research about how fixed input cost of export affects. the extensive margin is from three aspects：the single product heterogeneous - firm trade models based on the extensive margin of firm/ product,the multi - product heterogeneous - firm trade models based on the extensive margin of the firm - product - country, and the multi - product heterogeneous - firm trade models based on the extensive margin of consumer. At last, there are three directions for future research, namely, the micro - factors that affect the nature and composition of fixed input cost of export, how the fixed input cost of export affects the product set and the product output distribution of multi - product firm, and the multi - product heterogeneous - firm trade models with comparative advantage.