三孔正交法地应力测试原理

Test Principle of Three Holes Orthogonal Method on Ground Stress Test

文章较为详细的介绍了一种简单而实用的地应力测试原理,目的在于为我国煤矿井下地应力测试提供一种简便易行的测试手段,同时对现有的地应力测试方法进行补充与完善。文章依据弹性力学基本原理,以轴对称圆孔的孔边应力分布规律为研究出发点,依据三个相互正交测试孔获得的致裂方程和固体力学中的应力状态理论,计算获得测试点处主应力、最大与最小水平应力和构造应力的大小与方位。该原理经现场应用,效果很好。研究成果弥补了目前煤矿井下地应力测试精度难以把握的缺陷,对我国矿山地应力测试方法的研究与完善具有较大的参考价值。

The article introduces in detail a kind of ground stress test principle which is simple and practical, its purpose is to supplement and improve the existing ground stress test method for the coal mine tunnel. This article is based on basic principle of mechanics of elasticity and regardes the hole edge stress distribution rule of Axially symmetric circular hole as a research starting point, combined with the crack equation of three mutually orthogonal test hole and the stress state theory in solid mechanics. The size and the position of the principal stress, the maximum horizontal stress, minimum horizontal stress and tectonic stress of testing point are obtained. The effect of this principle is very good in field application. This research results has great reference value in the research and improvement of the mining stress test method in China.