连续混配压裂液及连续混配工艺应用实践

Application of continuously mixing fracturing fluid and such flow process

目前油气田实施水力压裂施工的流程是先配液,然后等待干粉增稠剂在储液罐中经过足够时间的充分溶胀后再进行压裂施工。这种传统的配液与施工作业模式,不仅存在着施工周期长、配液强度大的问题,而且长时间的配制和储存容易导致基液降解、黏度降低,如不能及时使用或施工失败,基液将全部变质腐败,由此造成极大的浪费和损失,也增加了成本与环保压力。同时,随着国内页岩气勘探开发进程的加快,丛式水平井组结合"工厂化"压裂用液量大、罐群数量多、场地占用面积大,传统的配液方式已不能满足页岩气井大规模压裂的需求。为此,在开发出速溶胍胶压裂液的基础上,对国产连续混配车进行了配套改造,研制出适应于页岩气大液量、高排量施工的滑溜水连续混配装置并进行了现场应用。结果表明:速溶胍胶压裂液能满足连续混配施工的要求,所研制的连续混配装备性能稳定、使用方便,解决了材料浪费、压裂工作液变质和环境污染等问题,缩短了施工作业周期、减少了作业费用、降低了现场作业强度,实现了高效、绿色环保的压裂施工。

Hydraulic fracturing process currently employed in oil and gas fields is to mix fracturing fluid firstly and then conduct the fracturing after the drypowder thickener fully swells in the fluid tank for enough time. This commonly used method also brings about many problems, such as a long operation time, high work intensity of fluid mixing. Moreover, longtime mixing and storage will also lead to the easy degradation and viscosity reduction of the base fluid; if not used promptly or due to any failure in the operation, the base fluid will be possibly spoiled, further causing great waste and loss as well as increasing the cost and adding pressure on environment protection. Meanwhile, the acceleration of domestic shale gas exploration and production results in higher fluid consumption, more tank groups and wider occupied area of cluster horizontal wells combined with factorylike fracturing. In this case, the traditional fluid is unable to meet the demand of largescale fracturing of shale gas wells. Therefore, appropriate reform is made to the Chinamade continuous mixing truck on the basis of the development of the instant guar gum fracturing fluid to develop a slickwater continuously mixing equipment. The equipment is suitable to the shale gas fracturing with massive fluid and high flow rate and applied to onsite operation. The application shows that the instant guar gum fracturing fluid can meet the requirements of continuous mixing, and that the continuous mixing equipment is featured by stable performance and convenient operation, thus solving such problems as material waste, fracturing fluid deterioration, environmental pollution, etc., shortening operation circle, reducing operating cost and work intensity, finally achieving efficient and environmentalfriendly fracturing operation.