振动光纤技术在天然气站场周界安防中的应用

Application of vibration fiber technology to perimeter security at a natural gas station

目前,应用在已建天然气管道站场周界的安防技术如激光对射、微波对射、振动电缆等均存在着误报率高、防爆区内安装复杂、阶梯段状围墙无法实现防范无死角等缺陷。为此,中国石油西气东输管道公司启动了振动光电缆周界入侵报警系统试点项目,选取不同地区的5座天然气站场进行了振动光纤技术测试。以西气东输试点项目为背景,对试验过程进行跟踪,对几种光纤传感技术的原理和优势进行了对比分析,并结合典型天然气站场围栏的形式,对振动光缆在各种形式围栏上的安装工艺进行了论述,做到布防无死角,防范无漏洞。试验数据表明:振动光纤技术比其他安防技术误报率低、安装便捷,适用于各种形式的围栏,可实现无死角的防范;前端无源设计更适应于天然气站场的防爆环境。结论认为,该技术较适合于天然气站场户外环境的周界设防,随着天然气管道站场"无人值守"理念的推行,振动光纤技术将在相关领域发挥重要作用。

It is verified that such systems as laser radiation, microwave radiation, vibration cable, etc. applied to the perimeter secur-ity at the operational oil and gas pipeline stations have this or that limitation, such as high false alarm rate, complicated installation in the explosion-proof area, unavoidable loopholes of defense area on the multistep wall, etc. In order to solve these problems, the PetroChina West to-East Gas Pipeline Company initiated a pilot project of perimeter security based on a vibration fiber optical cable system, in which five different stations were chosen at different locations for technical test. Trough an investigation into the pilot tests at those five stations, a comparative analysis was made of the principles and advantages that several types of optical fiber sens ing technologies have. Then, according to the typical forms of fences at a gas station, this paper discussed the installation techniques of the optical fiber vibration cable fixed on different forms of fences to prevent any blind angle or loophole. The pilot tests also con firmed that this vibration fiber system is easy to install, fits for any form of fences, and achieves a lower false alarm rate and alarm without blind angles; in particular, the passive design at the front end makes the vibration fiber optical cable system more suitable for such an explosion-proof environment at a gas station. It is concluded that the vibration fiber technology will play an important role in warranting the perimeter security at a natural gas station especially when unmanned stations become popular in near future.