4Cr16Mo石化主轴锻造工艺研究

Research on forging process of 4Cr16Mo petrochemical axle

石油化工主轴的受力情况比较复杂,需要承受较大冲击和交变载荷的作用,要求具有良好的综合力学性能。4Cr16Mo材料具有较高硬度、耐磨性及耐冲击性,能够满足使用中的性能要求;但塑性较差,变形抗力大,锻造温度范围较窄,锻造工艺存在较大难度。本文通过生产跟踪,对生产工艺进行优化:确定锻造温度范围为800～1150℃,低温段缓慢加热;锻造时采用上平、下V砧,严格控制压下量,高温时采用分散小变形,并严格执行锻后退火及性能热处理,大大减少了主轴开裂,在生产中取得了良好的效果。

Petrochemical axle works under complex stresses of bigger impulsive force and alternate loading,which is needed to have a good integrated mechanical performance. 4Cr16Mo possesses high hardness, wear and resistance of impulsive force,which can meet the requirements of petrochemical axle. But,for the poor plasticity, high resistance of transmutation and narrow range of forging temperature, it is hard to be forged. Through summing up and analyzing the puzzles in practice, the forging process was optimized： the forging temperature was 800-1150 ℃,with slowly heating during the low temperature. The upper flat and lower V anvils were adopted, and the transmutation was controlled accurately. Small transmutation was commanded in high temperature, and rigidly controlled the annealing after forging and heat treatment. Finally,the axle cracking was gradually reduced and the good quality was received in the productive practice.