5CrNiMo热作模具钢模块锻造方法的数值模拟

Numerical simulation for forging method of die block forging of 5CrNiMo hot die steel

为保证曲轴模块锻件具有良好的机械性能,常采用平砧对钢锭进行镦粗、拔长、再镦粗、再拔长等多工序方式成形。本文以5CrNiMo热作模具钢曲轴模块锻件为对象,利用有限元软件Deform-3D、对其在8t电液锤上采用轴向反复镦拔法、径向十字锻造法和综合锻造法等3种不同的锻造方法进行镦粗、拔长、再镦粗、再拔长的全过程进行了数值模拟,分析了3种不同锻造方法锻造后的温度场、应力场和锻造力分布规律。结果表明,采用径向十字锻造法时,其温度场和应力场分布均匀,锻造力较小,锻造过程不易产生裂纹,且锻造操作方法不复杂,为5CrNiMo曲轴模块锻件最合适锻造方法。

To guarantee the good mechanical properties of die block forgings used for crankshaft, the forgings were usually made by the procedures of upsetting, stretching, repeated upsetting and stretching through flat anvil. The whole process simulation of the upsetting, stretching, repeated upsetting and stretching of 5CrNiMo hot die steel under three different forging methods, such as axial repeated upsetting and stretching method, radial cross forging method, integrated forging method on the 8t electro-hydraulic hammer was carried out based on the software Deform-3D, and the distributions of temperature field, stress distribution and forging force were obtained. The results show that when using axial repeated upsetting and stretching method, crack occurs difficultly, the distributions of temperature and stress fields are uniform, the forging load is small, and the forging operation is convenient. It is the best forging method for 5CrNiMo crankshaft die block forging.