北京市高尔夫旅游资源空间分布特征及影响因素

Spatial distribution and its influencing factors of golf tourist attractions in Beijing

高尔夫旅游不仅是中国旅游资源体系中的重要组成部分,也是旅游产业从观光型向休闲度假型调整的重要支撑点。选取北京市作为研究区域,对18洞及以上共51处标准高尔夫旅游资源空间分布特征及影响因素进行研究,得出以下结论:①在区域经济发展水平的影响下,北京市高尔夫旅游资源发展可分为两个阶段:1985-2000年缓慢发展阶段,2001-2011年蓬勃发展阶段。②北京市高尔夫旅游资源的空间分布形态已经出现多中心特征,由空间点状集聚分布转向扩散化并形成线状网络体系。③从球场面积的空间容量分布来看,北京市高尔夫旅游资源呈现出空间不均衡的集聚特征格局。中心城区球场密度大,但空间容量规模低;外围新兴区域球场密度相对较低,但开发强度高,空间容量规模大。总体上看,区域地形特征、重要水系分布、交通区位条件、配套服务设施、关联产业开发、土地价格、规划及政策引导等各种要素,通过综合作用机制共同影响北京市高尔夫旅游资源空间分布特征。

Golf tourism not only plays an important role in China＇ s tourist resource system, but also strongly supports tourism industry to transform from sightseeing travel to leisure travel. This thesis chooses Beijing as the research region and conducts studies on spatial distribution features and influencing factors of 51 standard golf tourist attractions which have over 18 holes. The conclusions can be drawn as follows： （1） Under the influence of regional economic development, development of golf tourist attractions in Beijing can be divided into two phases： the slow development phase in 1985-2000, and the boom phase in 2001-2011. （2） The spatial distribution of golf tourist attractions in Beijing is multi-centered with spatial dot-clustered mode transforming to dispersion and forming into line-network system. （3） Judging from the area and spatial size of golf court, the golf tourist attractions in Beijing has developed into a system of unbalanced clustering in space. The density of golf courts in central area is relatively high but the spatial size is relatively small; while the density of golf courts in emerging peripheral areas is relatively low, and their development potential is greater and the spatial size is relatively big. On the whole, factors such as regional landforms, important water system distribution, transportation conditions, supporting services, development of relevant industries, prices of land and planning and policy making exert an influence on spatial distribution features of golf tourist resources in Beijing. This paper discusses and analyses the above three points through empirical studies. The other influencing factors will be discussed further.