葡萄皮渣中常量元素和微量元素的测定

Determination of macroelements and trace elements in grape pomace

利用微波消解法分别处理巨峰葡萄皮渣中皮、籽、梗等样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-AES）测定元素K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Cr、Se、Pb、Cd的含量。从测定结果得知,方法的回收率在96.0%-103.0%,RSD在1.08%-3.26%,方法的准确度和精密度较好,方法可靠。葡萄皮渣中富含K、Ca、Mg等对人体有益的常量元素和Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Cr等微量元素,并检测出具有抗癌功效元素Se。测出葡萄皮中含有对人体有害的元素Pb超标,Cd含量较低。葡萄皮、籽、梗样品中元素的含量差别较大。6种常量元素（K、Ca、Na、Mg、Mn、Zn）在葡萄梗中的含量最高,3种微量元素（Fe、Cu、Cr）在葡萄皮中含量最高。

The contents of elements K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Se, Pb, Cd in peels, pips and stems of Kyoho grape digested by microwave were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）. The results showed that the recoveries were in the range of 96.0%-103.8% and the relative standard deviation was from 1.08% to 3.26%. The method was accurate and precise which could meet the requirements of analysis. The contents of macroelements K, Ca, Mg and trace elements Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr were full in the grape pomace, and the anti-cancer element Se was also detected. The content of toxic element Pb in peels exceeded the national standard and that of Cd was low. There were great differences of contents of elements among peels, pips and stems. The contents of K, Ca, Na, Mg, Mn, Zn in stems were high and that of Fe, Cu and Cr in peels were high.