两种精索静脉曲张大鼠模型建立方法的比较

Comparison of two methods for establishing a model of experimental varicocele in rats

目的 探讨两种大鼠精索静脉曲张（VC）模型的制备方法,进行优良比较.方法 将青春期SD大鼠90只随机分为3组.经典法（A组,30只）部分结扎左肾静脉；改进法（B组,30只）部分结扎左肾静脉后,加扎左侧精索静脉与左髂总静脉之间的交通支；假手术对照（C组,30只）只分离左肾静脉不结扎.比较3组大鼠建模的手术时间,术后4、8周的精索静脉直径及成功率.结果 B组每只大鼠手术时间为（22.5±3.4）min,较A组[（9.2±2.3） min]和C组[（7.5±1.2） min]明显增加（P＜0.05）；A组4周左侧精索静脉直径为（0.86±0.12） mm、8周为（0.91 ±0.11） mm,与B组4周（0.85±0.12） mm、8周（0.92±0.12） mm比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.01）,比C组明显扩张（P＜0.01）；A组4周组成功率为70.59％,较B组4周组（90.91％）低（P＜0.05）.结论 两种方法均能成功建立VC大鼠模型；改进法前期手术过程复杂,术后短期内建模成功率较高.

Objective To explore and compare two methods for establishing an animal model of experimental varicocele in rats.Methods Ninety adolescent male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups.In 30 rats （classic group,group A）,the experimental varicocele model was achieved by dissecting the left renal vein and partial ligating it.In 30 rats （modified group,group B）,in addition to the partial ligation of the renal vein,the communicating branch was fully ligated.In 30 rats （sham operation group,group C）,the left renal vein was dissected,but not ligated.The operating time was compared among three groups.The diameters of the spermatic veins were analyzed respectively in 4 and 8 weeks later.Results The operating time of a rat was longer in group B than in group A and group C [（22.5 ± 3.4） vs.（9.2 ± 2.3） vs.（7.5 ± 1.2） min,P ＜ 0.05].The diameters of the left spermatic vein were （0.86 ± 0.12） mm and （0.91 ± 0.11）mm respectively in group A after 4 and 8 weeks,which was significantly more broadening than in group C （P ＜ 0.01）,and there was no statistically significant difference between group A and group B （P ＞ 0.01）.The model achievement ratio at 4th week in group A was lower than in group B （70.59％ vs.90.91％,P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion Both methods to establish the varicocele model in rats were feasible.The modified method has more complicated procedures and higher achievement ratio in short term.