北魏沙门统昙曜地位丧失的再探讨——兼与石松日奈子商榷

Restudying Tanyao's Losing His Position as the Chief Buddhist Controller in the Northern Wei

日本学者石松日奈子曾通过释读《帝以僧显为沙门都统诏》一文提出北魏沙门统昙曜地位丧失的问题,但细绎原文,不难发现她对这篇文献的理解仍有值得商榷之处。种种考古学证据表明,昙曜因为献文帝所重用而营建鹿野苑石窟,无形中卷入献文帝与文明太后之间的政争,从而遭到文明太后的排挤,大约在太和元年(477)至太和三年(479)之间退出了政治舞台。

Japanese scholar Ishimatsu Hinako once posed the problem about Tan Yao＇s losing his position as the highest Buddhist ruler in the Northern Wei by interpreting a text entitled ＂the Imperial Decree about Appointing Tan Yao the Chief Buddhist Controller due to His Eminence.＂ However, a careful interpretation of the text suggests that Ishimatsu Hinako＇s interpretation needs further examination. Various kinds of archaeological evidence show that Tan Yao was unintentionally involved in the political battles between Emperor Wendi and Empress Wenming when he was ordered by Emperor Wendi to construct the Luyeyuan Grottoes. Thus Empress Wenming barred him from the political stage from the first year （477） to the third year （479） of the Taihe era.