综合干预对社区高风险骨质疏松性骨折老年人的骨质疏松相关行为影响

TheInfluence of Comprehensive Intervention on Related Behaviour of Osteoporosis of the Community-dwelling Older People with High Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures

目的:评价社区高风险骨质疏松性骨折老年人实施综合干预后的效果。方法:采用便利抽样法选取60岁以上社区老年人157名作为研究对象,干预组和对照组各79、78人。干预组给予群体性健康教育、发放健康教育手册和家庭访视综合干预。对照组仅发放健康教育手册,在干预前后进行调查。结果:干预组不同年龄阶段老年人预防骨质疏松性骨折的行为得分无论在行为项目总分上还是在分项目得分上均明显高于基线水平,且70-79岁、80岁以上老年人在行为项目总分和分项目饮食行为得分上的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组不同年龄阶段老年人预防骨质疏松性骨折的行为得分无论在行为项目总分还是在分项目得分上均较基线水平高,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后干预组在饮食行为、摄钙行为等方面得分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:群体性健康教育、家庭访视个别指导等综合干预可提高社区老年人的健康责任感,矫正导致骨质疏松的风险行为,建立良好的生活方式。

Objective To assess the effect of carrying out comprehensive intervention for the community-dwelling older people with high risk of osteoporotic fractures. Methods A total of 157cases over 60 years old in community were selected and divided into 2 groups based on convenient sampling. Patients of intervention group were offered group health education, brochures and home visits. Patients of control group were only given brochures. All cases were investigated before and after intervention. Results Re- gardless of the total score of the behaviour entries or in the sub-item score ,the behaviour seore of preventing osteoporotic fracture was significantly higher than the baseline level in the intervention group of different ages ,the differences were statistically signifi- cant in the total score of the behaviour entries and the sub-item score of eating behaviour （P 〈 0.05 ） ;regardless of the total score of the behaviour entries or in the sub-item score,the behaviour score of preventing osteoporotic fracture was higher than the base- line level in the control group of different ages, the differences were not statistically significant （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; and the intervention group was significantly higher in the score of the eating behaviour and the calcium behaviour than the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Group health education and home visits by individual guidance can improve health responsibility of the elderly, correct the risk behaviour of leading to osteoporosis and establish a good lifestyle. Author＇s address The medical humanities Institute, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, P. R. China