电话随访对精神分裂症患者康复的价值分析

The value analysis of follow-up intervention by telephone on rehabilitation of the patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨电话随访对精神分裂症患者的康复价值。方法将200例精神分裂症患者随机分为电话随访组和对照组,每组100例。患者临床痊愈出院后,对照组门诊随诊,随访组电话随访干预,时间2年。用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、社会功能缺陷筛查量表(SDSS)和精神分裂症生活质量量表(SQLS)分别评定患者病情、社会功能和生活质量的变化,并进行康复成本-效益分析。结果随访组各评分时段(出院6、12、18、24月)3个量表总分减分幅度大于或增分幅度小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),各时段累计总成本明显低于对照组,总效益和效益/成本比值均明显大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论电话随访有助于提高精神分裂症患者康复效益,降低康复成本,可极大地提高卫生资源的利用效益,比门诊随诊具有更好的康复价值。

Objective To explore the value of follow-up intervention by telephone on rehabilitation of the patients with schizophrenia. Methods Two hundred patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into the follow-up group and the control group. Each group had 100 cases. After the clinical recovery and discharge, the follow-up group and the control group received the follow-up intervention by telephone and the outpatient service follow-up for two years, respectively. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）, the Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） and the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale （SQLS） were used to evaluate the state of the illness, social function and quality of life for patients, respectively. Results In 6,12,18 and 24 months after discharge, the reduced score range of three Scales in the follow-up group was higher than that in the control group and the increased score range of three Scales in the follow-up group was lower than that in the control group （P〈0.01）. The accumulative total cost of rehabilitation in the follow-up group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P〈0.01）. The total effectiveness and ratio of effectiveness to cost in the follow-up group were higher than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The follow-up intervention by telephone can contribute to the improvement of the rehabilitation effectiveness for the patients with schizophrenia, reduce significantly the cost of rehabilitation and enhance the utilization of health resources. Therefore, the rehabilitation value of follow-up intervention by telephone is better than that of outpatient service follow-up.