牙周膜干细胞的研究进展

Research progress on periodontal ligament stem cell

牙周病是一种由菌斑微生物引起的慢性感染性疾病,可引起牙周支持组织的破坏和丧失,最终导致牙齿松动脱落。牙周病治疗的最终目标是修复和重建受损的牙周支持组织。从牙周膜中分离获取的间充质干细胞具有成体干细胞的特性及多重分化潜能,可以分化为骨组织和牙周支持组织等多种类型的组织,这对牙周组织修复再生和牙周组织工程具有重大意义,因而备受关注。本文就牙周膜干细胞、牙周膜干细胞的生物学特性、牙周膜干细胞的影响因素及其调控机制等研究进展作一综述。

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by dental plaque biofilm. It is a disease of the periodontium characterized by irreversible loss of connective tissue attachment and supporting alveolae, which may result in tooth loss. The aim of therapy is to regenerate the destroyed connective tissue attachment and supporting alveolae. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from periodontal ligament are multipotent cells. These cells proliferate and differentiate into different types of tissues. Thus, mesenchymal stem cells are valuable for periodontal regeneration and periodontal tissue engineering. This review provides an overview of periodontal ligament stem cells and discusses recent studies and research prospects.