宁夏东部能源化工基地煤炭产业生态风险评估

Coal Mining Ecological Risk Assessment of the Energy Chemical Production Base in Eastern Ningxia

能源化工产业因关系到节能减排和环境保护而备受学者们和相关行政部门的高度重视,对其中潜在生态风险的评估是指导生态风险管理的必要途径。本文采用风险度量公式和模糊综合评价法评估了宁东能源化工基地煤炭产业的生态风险,结果表明:宁东煤炭产业存在5种主要生态风险源、4种生态受体和8个生态终点;生态风险概率处于高度风险等级,生态损失度处于中度-高度风险等级之间,至2020年煤炭产业的生态风险值为0.4557,处于中度风险级,属生态风险黄色预警管理状态;开采规模、建设速度是生态风险发生概率的重要影响因子,对生态损失度贡献最大的因子为土地破坏度,其次为水体破坏度。在综合分析生态风险评价结果的基础上,提出了能源化工基地生态风险管理措施,为生态风险预防、降低生态损失和生态恢复重建奠定了一定的基础。

The energy chemical industry is strongly connected to energy savings and pollution reduction and it is necessary to evaluate potential ecological risks. Here, we used the risk measuring formula and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to assess coal mining industry ecological risk of energy chemical production base in eastern Ningxia. We identified five main ecological risk sources, four ecological risk receptors and eight ecological endpoints in the coal mine industry. The ecological risk of the coal mine industry in this region is at a high degree of risk, and the ecological loss is at a moderate-high level. The ecological risk value of total coal mine industry to year of 2020 is 0.4557; this is a moderate level risk and ecological risk status of yellow early warning. The scale of coal mining and speed of construction are important factors for ecological risk; the degree of land destruction and water destruction are the first two important factors to ecological loss. Based on these findings we propose highly-targeted ecological risk management measures for the regulation and improvement of coal mine development activities. This study provides a comprehensive prevention and control framework for ecological damage, and the sustainable development of China＇ s coal mines.