地下采矿爆破振动对地面环境影响的监测与分析

Monitoring and Analysis of Impact of Blast Vibration on Ground Environment in Underground Mining

金属地下矿山在采矿过程中,大多数矿山采用炸药爆破进行开采,爆破产生的地震波将会传播到地面,对地面建筑设施的安全产生影响。针对此问题,开展了采场爆破振动对地面环境影响的现场监测,得到了爆破振动的监测数据。选取了质点峰值振动速度评价方法对影响后果进行分析,通过利用最小二乘法原理对数据进行线性回归,得到地下采场爆破振动的萨道夫斯基公式。利用该公式对不同药量、不同距离的爆破振动速度进行预测,并就振动速度、频率、持续时间3个参数与火车通行振动产生的相应数据进行了对比,通过对比分析,就采场爆破振动提出药量控制标准。

In the mining process, the majority of underground metal mines adopted explosive blasting. Seismic waves produced by blasting spread to the ground surface, which have an impact on the safety of the buildings and facilities on the ground. For this problem ,the on-site monitoring of the impact of the stope blasting vibration on the ground environment is carried out, thus obtaining blasting vibration monitoring data. Peak particle velocity evaluation method is selected to analyze the impact of blasting vibration. By linear regression of the data using the least squares method, Sadov$ Vibration Formula a- bout underground stope is gained. Through the formula, blasting vibration velocity with different doses and different distances are predicted, and three parameters of vibration velocity and frequency, duration were compared with the corresponding data generated by train traffic vibration. Then, the dose control standards for stope blasting vibration are proposed.