海洋渔业资源增殖放流效果的主要影响因素及对策研究

Main factors affecting stock enhancement effect of marine fishery resources and its countermeasures

渔业资源增殖放流的效果是渔业行政主管部门、渔业生产者和渔业科研单位共同关注的问题,也是增殖放流实践中的重要内容。基于国内外研究现状、多年海洋渔业资源增殖放流实践和水生生物增殖放流相关标准,对影响增殖放流效果的苗种质量、生态容纳量、放流策略、放流后期管理等4个主要因素进行了分析,探讨了各因素的影响程度、影响范围以及后果等问题,提出解决对策,指出在海洋渔业资源增殖放流实施过程中应该以理论指导实践,以实践验证理论,使我国增殖放流工作建立起科学的长效机制和一套完善的体系。

The stock enhancement effect of marine fishery resources not only has always been of concern to the department of administration, practitioners and research institutes in this field, but also the important content in the practice of stock enhancement. Based on current researches, years of stock enhancement practice in marine fishery and related standard for the stock enhancement of aquatic organisms, 4 main factors that might affect the effect are summarized in this paper, including the seed quality, carrying capacity, releasing strategies and management after releasing. According to the research, the seed quality will be largely influenced by genetic factor and disease control. The effect of stock enhancement can be seen in its ecological, economical and social benefits, and related management measures must be established and implemented in accordance with the local situation. In a nutshell, the interaction of many factors determines the survival and recapture of the released aquatic organisms. Once problems are found in the practice process of stock enhancement, it＇s advised to find the contributing factor and to solve it immediately. Theory cannot be isolated from practice, and practice serves as the best way to validate the theory. Only in this way, a long-term mechanism and an improved system of stock enhancement could be established in our country.