论我国海洋环境准公共物品市场化供给方式选择

Path selection on the market-oriented supply of quasi-public goods of marine environment in China

海洋环境是具有非排他性和非竞争性的公共物品,可以分为海洋环境纯公共公共物品、俱乐部物品和共有资源三类。随着社会经济的发展,政府全部承担海洋环境公共物品面临着巨大压力,出现了产出低效率、供不应求等问题,海洋环境公共物品的供给需要探求市场化的供给方式。根据海洋环境公共物品的分类,政府在海洋环境纯公共物品供给过程中发挥主要作用,海洋环境准公共物品由市场供给,供给方式主要有BOT、PPP、TOT三种。

The marine environment is public goods with non-excludability and non-competitive, which can be divided into pure public goods, club goods and common resources. With the development of social economy, the government is under great pressure to provide public goods of marine environment all by itself, and there have been many problems such as low efficiency of output, short supply. As a result, the supply of public goods of marine environment needs to explore market-oriented path. According to the classification of public goods of marine environment, the government plays a leading role in the process of pure public goods supply, while the market supplies quasi-public goods of marine environment. The market-oriented supply contains BOT, PPP, TOT.