家庭环境对研究生心理健康的影响

Influence of family environment on mental health of graduate students

目的了解研究生心理健康状况,探索家庭环境对其心理健康的影响,为开展有效的研究生心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用家庭环境量表(FES-CV)和症状自评量表(SCL-90),对北京市某高校1 950名研究生进行调查。结果 SCL-90总分、躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子得分上,女生高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);硕士生与博士生SCL-90总均分差异无统计学意义,但硕士生在恐怖因子得分上高于博士生(P<0.01)。筛查结果显示,存在心理问题者193人,占总人数的9.90%。心理问题组和心理健康组在除独立性之外的9个家庭环境因子上,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。家庭环境中的亲密性、矛盾性、娱乐性、情感表达、文化性、成功性、组织性对硕士生心理健康水平有显著预测作用,共解释变异的22.7%;家庭环境中的娱乐性和矛盾性对博士生的心理健康水平有显著预测作用,共解释变异的18.3%。结论家庭环境因素对硕士生的心理健康水平具有预测作用;女研究生的心理健康状况需要得到更多的关注和支持。

Objective To explore the influence of family environment on mental health of graduate students.Method A total of 1 950 graduate students from one university in Beijing were administered with Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version（FES-CV） and SCL-90.Results Female students had higher scores than male graduate students in somatization,compulsion,depression,anxiety,phobic and total scores of SCL-90.There was no significant difference in total score of SCL-90 between master and doctoral graduate students,while the difference in phobic score was found.About 10%（193） of all students suffer from mental health problems.There were significant differences in the 9 family environments factor scores between students with and without mental health problems.Results of regression analysis showed that mental health of master student was predicted by cohesion,conflict,active-recreational orientation,expressiveness,intellectual-cultural orientation,achievement orientation and organization of family environment.Those explained 22.7% variance.Nevertheless,only active-recreational orientation and conflict of family environment have predictive value on doctoral students,which accounted for 18.3% variance.Conclusion Family environment could characterize mental health among graduate students,especially those in master degree and female students.