江河突发性水污染事故动态模拟与预警——以长江武汉段为例

EARLY-WARNING AND DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF RIVER SUDDEN WATER POLLUTION ACCIDENT——A CASE STUDY IN WUHAN SECTION OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER

近年来,频繁发生的突发性水污染给各地水源地安全造成巨大威胁,能够对事故进行模拟预警和快速响应显得日益重要。针对突发性水污染的特点,采用贴体正交网格对河道进行空间离散化,采用平面二维瞬时排放水质数学模型与GIS集成,基于GIS的可视化功能实现了长江武汉段突发性水污染事故的动态模拟和水源地污染物浓度超标预警。模拟结果表明,该方法有效预测了长江上突发性事故排放形成的污染带的在江内的时空迁移状况,为武汉长江段水环境保护和突发性污染事故的处理提供有力的决策支持。

In recent years,the frequent occurrence of sudden water pollution accident poses a great threat to the safety of the water source area, therefore it is more and more important to make early warning and simulation and rapid response to the accident. Against the characteristic of sudden water pollution, based on the visualization capability of GIS, it made the spatial discretization by orthogonal curved mesh, and integrated GIS and the horizontal two-dimensional instantaneous discharge water quality model, to achieve dynamic simulation and water source area pollutant concentration excessive warning of sudden water pollution accident. The results showed that it forecasted the spatio-temporal migration status of the pollution zone formed by the sudden accident emission in the Changjiang River effectively,and provided a powerful support for environmental protection and treatment of sudden water pollution accident in Wuhan section of the Changjiang River.