中国古代医典中若干心理治疗案例解析

Analyzing of Several Cases of Psychotherapy in Ancient China

中国古代医典中蕴含着丰富的传统心理治疗理论与实践的探索和研究成果。据有学者研究,中国古代医典中蕴含着600多个心理治疗案例,本文仅就中国古代医典文本中几种常见精神疾病:抑郁症、失眠症、躁狂症、厌食症、恐惧症、惊惧症、疑病症、妄想症案例进行解析,发现中国古代医家的心理治疗主要遵循阴阳平衡与五行相生相克的原理,充分利用患者的内在心理资源来治疗心理疾病,形成了中国传统文化所特有的"七情互治"或"五情互治"的治疗理念与模式。尽管古代传统心理治疗有着较为明显的自发性、经验性的特点,治疗理论也比较单一,缺乏系统性,操作程序比较简单,但有许多合理的内核,值得现代心理治疗借鉴和吸收。

There are huge quantities of medical tantras in ancient China, during which there are abundance of explo- ration and research results on traditional theories and practice of psychotherapy. According to some researchers, the num- ber of psychotherapy cases in medical tantras is over 600. In this paper, we will do some analysis of several common men- tal diseases, such as： melancholia, insomnia, manic-depressive psychosis, phobia, panic disorder, hypoehondriaeal neuro- sis, delusionosis, discovering that the basic principle of psychotherapy in ancient China is the balance of Ying-Yang and promotion and restriction among five agents. The ancient medical scientists took full use of resources of patients them- selves, and formed a particular idea and model of traditional Chinese psychotherapy： Seven emotions of mutual governance or five emotions of mutual governance. Although the ancient Chinese traditional psychotherapy seems to be spontaneous and experimental, the methods of which also lack of systematieness in manipulation, it also has some rational kernels and are worthy of assimilation and utilization.