护士职业紧张工作倦怠与抑郁症状关系的研究

Correlation Study among Occupational Stress,Job Burnout and Depressive Symptoms in Nurses

目的探讨女性护士职业紧张、工作倦怠对抑郁症状的影响,降低护士抑郁症状的发生,促进身心健康,提高护理服务质量。方法采用横断面调查方法,随机抽取辽宁省具有代表性的1 188名女性护士进行自填式问卷调查。问卷包括付出—回报失衡问卷(ERI)、工作倦怠问卷(MBI-GS)、流行病调查用抑郁自评量表(CES-D)。应用多元分层回归探讨职业紧张对抑郁症状的影响,验证工作倦怠在职业紧张对抑郁症状影响中的中介作用。结果辽宁省女性护士抑郁症状得分为21.10±10.40。外在付出、内在投入、情绪衰竭、消极怠慢与抑郁症状呈正相关,回报与抑郁症状呈负相关。职业紧张对抑郁症状的解释变异量为22.7%,加入工作倦怠后,解释变异量为30.0%。结论护士职业紧张、工作倦怠与抑郁症状密切相关,工作倦怠在职业紧张对抑郁症状影响中起中介作用。

Objective To explore the influence of occupational stress and job burnout on the depressive symptoms among female nurses,so as to reduce depressive symptoms of nurses,promote physical and mental health and improve nursing care quality.Methods A total of 1 188 female nurses worked in Liaoning province of China were recruited by a cross-sectional study for the study.＂Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire,ERI＂,＂Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey,MBI-GS＂ and ＂Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,CES-D＂ were used to measure occupational stress,job burnout and depressive symptoms respectively.Muhiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore occupational stress influencing on depressive symptoms.Mediating effects of job burnout was verified in occupational stress affecting depressive symptoms.Results The score of depressive symptoms among female nurses was 21.10± 10.40.Extrinsic effort,overcommitment,emotional exhaustion and cynicism were positively correlated to the depressive symptoms.Reward was negatively correlated to the depressive symptoms.The contribution of occupational stress to depressive symptoms was 22.7%,and the contribution of job burnout was 30.0%.Conclusion Occupational stress and job burnout are significantly associated with depressive symptoms.Job burnout is a mediator in occupational stress that affects depressive symptoms.