基于物理机理的大迟延过程控制方法研究

A Control Method of Large Delayed System Based on Physical Mechanism

随着工业生产规模和复杂程度的不断增大,大迟延非线性系统越来越普遍。在利用传统串级PID控制系统对实际系统进行控制的时候,很难得到理想的控制效果,难以保证控制品质,因此针对这样一类对象提出基于物理机理的PID控制方法。基于物理机理的PID控制的主要思想是基于被控对象和控制过程的物理机理,使其可以不需要经过复杂的计算和补偿环节,取消了串级控制回路,从而使系统结构更加简单有效,控制性能得到很大的改善。通过对粒子群优化算法(PSO)的研究,对这种控制器参数进行优化。以火电厂主汽温为被控对象进行仿真研究,实验证明基于物理机理的PID控制与传统串级PID相比,可以达到更好的控制效果。并且通过PSO进行参数优化后,基于物理机理的PID控制得到了更好的控制品质。

Along with the increasing industrial scale and complexity, large delay nonlinear systems are becoming increasingly common. In the use of traditional cascade PID control system for real control system, it is difficult to get the ideal control effect and quality, so for such kind of objects, propose a PID control method based on physical mechanism. The main idea of PID control based on physical mechanism is to consider the physical mechanism of con- trolled objects and control process, make controllers work without cascade control loop, complex calculation and com- pensation, so the system structure becomes more simple and effective, and the control performance is greatly im- proved. Optimize the parameters of this controller in Particle Swarm Optimization （PSO）. Take the main steam tem- perature of thermal power plant to be controlled object, simulation results show that compared with traditional cascade PID, the physical mechanism based PID performs better, and can be much better after using PSO to optimize parame- ters.