基于单站序列图像的导弹脱靶量测量方法

Method of Missile-Target Miss Distance Measurement Based on Single Station Sequence Images

在导弹攻击地面目标时,当导弹过靶时刻由激光或无线电等设备获得时,提出了利用1台小型非精密的带有IRIG-B时间码同步的高速数字摄像设备测量导弹脱靶量的方法。首先将高速数字摄像设备沿导弹航向布设在靶面前方,采用近距离固定拍摄方式;然后在靶标两侧各设置1个方位标,使导弹、靶标、方位标同时成像在高速数字摄像设备拍摄的序列图像中,用方位标实时标校高速数字摄像设备参数;最后通过站址、靶标、靶面和导弹相互间的空间几何关系,建立导弹脱靶量测量数学模型,对导弹过靶前后的序列图像进行处理,得到导弹脱靶量。在高速数字摄像设备的跟踪架轴系精度、轴角编码器精度、光学镜头参数等与大型精密光学测量设备相比降低几十倍的情况下,导弹脱靶量测量精度高于大型精密光学测量设备远距离交会的结果。

A method to measure the missile-target miss distance is given by the use of a small and inaccu- rate high-speed digital camera equipment of synchronization with IRIG-B time code. The method is availa- ble when the crossing target time of missile is obtained by the laser or radio equipment as the missile attacks the target on the ground. Firstly, the high-speed digital camera equipment in the mode of fixed short-range shooting is aligned along the missile heading direction before the target surface. Then an azimuth mark is set on either side of each target. The missile, target and azimuth mark are obtained in the sequence images of the high-speed digital camera in the meantime. And the real-time calibration of the azimuth mark is used to calibrate the parameters of the high-speed digital camera equipment. The mathematical model of mis- siles＇ missile-target miss distance measurements is established by using the geometry relations of the station site, the target, the target plane and missile, and the missile miss distance is yielded through the image-processing of the missile before-and-after sequence images. Compared with the results of the long-distance intersection method using the large and precise optical measuring equipment, a more accurate missile-target miss distance measurement is obtained in the situation that the tracking axis-based accuracy, shaft-position encoder accuracy and optical lens parameters required are tens of times lower than the large and precise opti- mal equipment.