北京市丰台区德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查

Investigation of resistance of Blattella germanica to commonly used insecticides in Fengtai district of Beijing, China

目的了解北京市丰台区德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱、乙酰甲胺磷、残杀威、溴氰菊酯5种常用杀虫剂的敏感性,为指导科学合理用药提供依据。方法在丰台区某农贸市场大量采集德国小蠊成虫,经实验室获得子一代试虫;用WHO推荐的药膜接触法,测定德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的敏感性,获得德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的半数击倒时间(KT50)及其95%置信区间(95%CI)、击倒率和死亡率,评价其抗药性程度。结果德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱、乙酰甲胺磷、残杀威、溴氰菊酯5种常用杀虫剂均产生了不同程度的抗药性,抗性系数(R/S)分别为7.91、2.06、2.79、4.56、30.52;24 h致死效果下降率分别为100%、13.33%、20.00%、73.33%、90.00%。结论丰台区德国小蠊已对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯等菊酯类杀虫剂产生较高的抗药性,但对毒死蜱、残杀威等有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类的抗药性水平较低,可能与杀虫剂的使用频率和方式不同有关。

Objective To investigate the susceptibility of Blattella germanica to five commonly used insecticides, beta- eypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, acephate, propoxur, and deltamethrin, in Fengtai district of Beijing, China, and to provide a scientific basis for proper use of insecticides. Methods A large number of aduh B. germanica individuals were collected in a farmer＇s market in Fengtai district to obtain the first filial generation for testing in the laboratory. The insecticide film contact method, as recommended by the WHO, was used to determine the susceptibility of B. germanica to commonly used insecticides, and the median knockdown time （KTs0） and corresponding 95% confidence interval （95%C/）, knockdown rate, and mortality of B. germanica were used for estimating the resistance levels to commonly used insecticides. Results The mean resistance coefficients （R/S） of B. germanica to beta-cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, acephate, propoxur, and deltamethrin were 7.91, 2.06, 2.79, 4.56, and 30.52, respectively, and the five commonly used insecticides had the rates of decrease in lethal effect within 24 hours at 100%, 13.33%, 20.00%, 73.33%, and 90.00%, respectively. Conclusion B. germanica in Fengtai district of Beijing have developed high resistance to dehamethrin and beta- cypermethrin, but its resistance to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides such as chlorpyrifos and propoxur is relatively low, which may be due to the differences in the frequency and way of insecticide use.