早期能量限饲对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、内脏器官和胫骨生长的影响

Effects of Early Dietary Energy Restriction on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Growth of Visceral Organs and Tibia Parameters of Broilers

本试验旨在研究8～14日龄能量限饲对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、内脏器官和胫骨生长的影响。选择同一批出雏、健康、体重相近的1日龄AA公雏300只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复15只。基础日粮在8～14日龄分别限饲能量0、5%、10%和15%,其余营养水平均满足肉仔鸡生长需求,14、42日龄从各重复中选取1只接近该重复平均体重的鸡屠宰进行测定。结果表明:①从生长性能上看,肉仔鸡8～14日龄限饲能量10%组采食量显著大于其他组(P<0.05),14日龄体重显著大于对照组(P<0.05),限饲能量15%组料重比显著大于其他组(P<0.05),限饲能量10%组15～42日龄采食量显著大于其他组(P<0.05),42日龄体重显著大于其他组(P<0.05);②从屠宰性能上看,8～14日龄能量限饲对肉仔鸡42日龄屠宰性能无显著影响(P>0.05);③从内脏器官上看,早期能量限饲有利于增加肉仔鸡限饲期心脏重量,限饲能量10%组心脏重量显著大于对照组(P<0.05),限饲组腺胃重均显著大于对照组(P<0.05),限饲能量10%组42日龄肌胃重显著大于其他组(P<0.05);④从胫骨生长上看,限饲能量5%组胫骨密度显著大于对照组(P<0.05),其他指标与对照组相比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。提示,肉仔鸡8～14日龄日粮能量适宜限饲水平为10%。

This experiment was conducted to investigate effects of early dietary energy restriction on growth performance,slaughter performance and growth of visceral organs and tibia parameters of broilers.Three hundred 1-day-old Arbor Acres（AA）male broilers were selected and r and omly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 15 birds per replicate.Dietary energy of broilers from 1to 21dwas restricted 0,5% ,10% and 15% respectively from 8to 14d, and all other nutrients met the NRC（1994）requirement.On day 14 and 42 of the experiment,one bird of per replicate of each group was r and omly selected to be slaughtered to determine slaughter performance,visceral organs and tibia parameters development.The results were as follows：①Feed intake of group 10% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups from 8to 14（P0.05）, and the body weight of group 10% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of control group（P0.05）.Feed conversion ratio of group 15% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups（P0.05）.Feed intake of group 10% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups from 15to 42d（P0.05）, and the 42-day-old body weight of group 10% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups（P0.05）.②Early dietary energy restriction did not significantly affect the slaughter performance of 42-day-old broilers（P0.05）.③Early dietary energy restriction could improve the heart weight of broilers from 8 to 14d, and the heart weight of group 10% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of control group（P0.05）,the proventriculus weight of experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control group（P0.05）.The gizzard weight of group 10% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups（P0.05）.④The density of tibia of group 5% energy restriction was significantly higher than that of control group（P0.05）, and there were no significant differences between experimental groups and control group on the rest of tibia parameters（P0.05）.In conclusion,the optimum restriction level of dietary energy of broilers from 8to 14dwas 10% .