2004～2010年某院血液科住院患者构成分析

Component analysis on blood disease spectrum of hospitalized patients in department of hematology in a hos pital from 2004 to 2010

目的了解该院常见血液病的住院构成情况,为合理配置社会医疗资源、采取有效的预防措施及早防早治提供依据。方法对2004-01～2010-12在该院住院的血液病患者的临床资料进行回顾性统计分析。结果 7年间共入住初诊治患者为3 757例次。每年入住初诊治人数呈上升趋势。11类常见血液病中,前5位为急性非淋巴细胞白血病(ANLL)、特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)、过敏性紫癜、再生障碍性贫血(AA)、巨幼细胞贫血。初诊治ITP、过敏性紫癜、缺铁性贫血(IDA)、慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)、淋巴瘤患者性别比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多发性骨髓瘤(MM)多见于老年患者,过敏性紫癜、急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)、AA以青少年居多,IDA在青春期及育龄期女性增多,巨幼细胞贫血有青少年及老年两个发病高峰期。结论 2004～2010年间血液科初诊治人数逐年增多,各病种间性别比差异有统计学意义,应加强血液病的防治及宣教工作。

Objective To understand the component of hospitalized patients with blood disease,in order to provide scientific basic for a reasonable allocation of social health resources and the early protection and early treatment.Methods The component of the patients in hematology department during from 2004 to 2010 were analyzed and chi-square test was used for statistical analysis and comparison.Results In the seven years,there were 3 757 patients for the first diagnosis and therapy in the hospital.Annual newly diagnosed patients had greatly increased.The top five of the common blood diseases were ANLL,ITP,Hench-schonlein purpura,AA,Megaloblastic anemia.The difference of disease incidence of ITP,Hench-schonlein purpura,IDA,CML,HL was statistically significant between sex ratio.MM can be found more often in elderly patients,and Hench-schonlein purpura,ALL,AA in the majority with teenagers,IDA in puberty and childbearing age women increased.Megaloblastic anemia had younger and older two peak periods of incidence.Conclusion During 2004～2010,there is an increasing tendency in annual newly diagnosed patients.The difference of disease incidence was statistically significant between sex ratio.We should strengthen the prevention and education work in blood disease.