昆虫嗅觉相关蛋白及嗅觉识别机理研究概述

Research Advance of Olfactory Proteins and Olfactory Mechanism in Insects

嗅觉是昆虫产生行为的基础之一,在长期进化的过程中昆虫形成了复杂的嗅觉系统,完成这一过程,需要有多种与嗅觉相关的蛋白参与,包括气味结合蛋白、化学感受蛋白、气味受体和感觉神经元膜蛋白等。了解昆虫感受外界信息的嗅觉机制可以帮助我们更好地理解昆虫识别配偶、天敌及寻找食物来源、产卵场地等行为特征,为进一步调控昆虫的行为、防控害虫侵袭、保护和利用有益昆虫奠定基础。本文综述了昆虫嗅觉相关的几类重要蛋白的生化特性和生理功能,并对昆虫气味分子的识别机制、气味分子在昆虫体内运输机制的最新研究进展进行了概述。

The olfaction is one of the basis of behaviors in insects. A complex olfactory system has been formed in the long-term evolution of insects. To complete this process, a variety of odor-related proteins are needed. These include odorant binding proteins, chemosensory proteins, odorant receptors, sensory neuron membrane proteins and so on. The olfactory mechanism of insects will help us to understand their behaviors, which include identifying spouse or natural enemies, finding food sources and the place for spawning and so on. It will lay the foundation of further regulation of insect behaviors and pests prevention, protection and use of beneficial insects. In this paper, thus, we summarized these odor-related proteins and their biochemical properties, physiological functions and identi- fication mechanisms of odor molecules and also the transportation mechanisms of these molecules in insects.