美国联邦政府对铁路产业的援助模式

Study on the Aid Modalities of the US Federal Government for the Railway Industry

美国联邦政府在铁路发展的不同阶段,针对特定社会经济背景,以不同方式对铁路产业施以援手,在一定程度上促进了美国铁路产业快速发展,为美国经济繁荣提供了坚强的运输保障。文章梳理了联邦政府早期铁路援助方式,重点对21世纪以来联邦政府对铁路产业援助的最新进展进行总结分析,在此基础上概括联邦政府对美国铁路产业资助方式的基本特征。

Aiming at specific soeio-eeonomics situations ,the US Federal Government has always been strongly supporting the development of the US railway industry in various ways at different stages. To a certain extant,the US Federal Government plays an indispensable role in expanding the US railway which provides a strong guarantee for the prosperity of American economy. Firstly,this paper introduces the models of assistance in the early times of railway development. Then the paper focuses on analyzing and summarizing the latest progress of the US railway industry starting from 21st century. Finally,based on the above analysis,the author summarizes the basic characteristics of assistance from the US Federal Govern- ment in the railway industry.