改进式气囊尿管拔除方法的应用与评价

Improved extubation method of balloon catheter and its application

目的改进拔除气囊尿管的方法，减少拔管后尿潴留的发生。方法将200例符合拔除尿管指征的患者分为传统组和实验组各100例。传统组按照临床护理技术规范中拔导尿管流程要求，抽空导尿管气囊内液体后拔出尿管；实验组先抽空导尿管气囊内液体，根据导尿管型号小和留置时间的长短，向导尿管气囊注入0．2～0．8ml的氯化钠注射液后再拔出尿管。比较2组拔管时疼痛的程度、拔出尿管气囊表面的光滑度、首次排尿时间、肉眼血尿及尿潴留的情况。结果实验组拔尿管时的疼痛程度轻于传统组，拔尿管后首次自主排尿时间早于传统组早，血尿、膀胱刺激征、尿潴留发生率均低于传统组。结论在气囊导尿管拔出前向气囊内注入适量液体，使导尿管气囊表面皱褶消失，能减轻拔管时引起的疼痛，避免拔管后发生血尿、膀胱刺激征和尿潴留。

Objective To improve the extuhation method of balloon catheter in order to reduce the incidence of urinary retention. Methods 200 patients with balloon catheter were divided into traditional group （n = 100） and experimental group （n = 100）. The traditional group was removed catheter after pulling out the liquid according to the requirements of the technical standard of clinical nursing. The experimental group was injected 0.2-0.8 ml normal saline to the catheter balloon after pulling out the liquid of it. The degree of pain during extubation, the smoothness of balloon catheter surface, the first micturition time, hematuria and urinary retention of two groups were compared. Results The degree of pain in the experimental group was lighted than that in the traditional group. The time of the first autonomous urination in the experimental group was earlier than that in the traditional group. The incidence of hematuria, urinary bladder irritation symptoms and urinary retention in the experimental group were lower than that in the traditional group. Conclusion Injecting proper amount of liquid into the balloon catheter before removing can reduce the pain of extubation, the incidence of hematuria, bladder irritation symptoms and urinary retention.