人民公社时期乡村治理模式透析

Rural Governance Mode in People's Commune Period

研究了人民公社时期的乡村治理模式,认为人民公社模式的产生具有内在根据,适应了把农民组织起来、巩固人民政权的需要,也有中国革命经验的惯性作用。人民公社模式在乡村治理方面实行"三级管理制度"的组织结构,基层生产大队也形成了党高度一体化领导的权力系统,采取计划取代市场的生产生活活动,导致公社社员全面依附公社。从整体上看,人民公社模式下的乡村治理,扭曲了农民的政治参与,激化了乡村社会矛盾,阻碍了乡村社会的正常分化,破坏了农业生产,影响了乡村文明的发展。

The rural governance mode in people＇s commune period is studied. The generation of people＇s commune pattern has internal basis, it adapted to the needs of organizing farmers and consolidating the people＇s regime; it was also the inertia of Chinese revolutionary experience. People＇s communes implemented the organizational structure of ＂ three management systems＂ in rural governance; the primary production team also formed the party leaders highly integrated power systems; the production and living activities of planned economy is adopted to replace the market economy, which causes commune members＇ fully dependent on commune. Overall, the rural governance in people＇s commune pattern distorted farmers＂ political participation, intensified the rural social conflicts, hindered the normal differentiation of rural society, devastated agricultural production, and affected rural civilization.