对外汉语教学中声调偏误现象的成因浅析

The Causes of Tonal Deviance in the Chine Teaching as a Foreign Language

外国留学生在学习汉语声调时常常会出现声调偏误现象。最主要的原因在于母语对学习的负面影响并且学生不具有"关键年龄期"优势。然而,教师在教学过程中由于专业知识欠缺、教学方法传统、以及"羡余"特征的影响,没有起到主导性优势;教材应有的导向性作用也不够清晰。这也使得声调偏误的现象普遍存在。通过合理编排教材,加强教材联系学生和教师的纽带作用,充分发挥教师的教学主导作用,可以帮助学生掌握好声调。

When overseas students studying Chinese tones, they often pronounce them in a foreign way. The main causes are the influence of mother tone and the loss of the advantage of the Critical Age. Furthermore, the indistinct orientation of text books and the insufficient leading role of the teacher in the teaching, due to lack of expertise and innovative teaching methods, and affect from redundancy, have also induced the popularity of the phenomena of pronouncing Chinese tones in a foreign way. Though scientifically arranging the teaching materials to strengthen the connection of the text book between students and teachers, while making the most of the teacher＇ s leading function of teaching, could help the students mastering Chinese tones.