中国古代小花楼织机形制的研究

Study on the Shape and Structure of Small Hualou String-heddle Patterning Loom of Ancient China

小花楼织机是中国古代纺织史上非常重要的机型之一,它上承多综多蹑织机,下启大花楼织机。本文首先对小花楼织机进行适当的分类,按机身形制将其分为水平式、斜身式、坑机型、旱机型四类。然后对各类小花楼织机的结构进行了系统而详细的分析,按其工作机制将其结构分为开口机构、打纬机构和卷送机构三部分。在此基础上,笔者认为小花楼织机形制的变化是在古代织物品种、质量和织造环境的多重要求下逐步完成的。

As the transition from the multi-heald and multi-pedal loom to the large Hualou string-heddle patteming loom, the small Hualou string-heddle patterning loom is one of the most important looms in the history of textile of ancient China. In this article we firstly classified the small Hualou string-heddle patterning loom into for types, i.e. horizontal one, incline one, pitting one and heightening one. Then, we analyzed the structure of those four types of looms and classified their structures into three parts as the shedding part, battening part and warp winding part. Finally we concluded that the change of the shape and structure of the small Hualou string-heddle patterning loom was due to the request for the variety, quality and the weaving environment of the ancient fabric.