农产品物流效率及其影响因素研究——基于中国2000-2011年省际面板数据的实证分析

Logistics Efficiency of Agricultural Products and its Influencing Factors——An Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data between 2000 and 2011

以我国2000-2011年30省、市、自治区的面板数据为观测样本,基于SFA方法从全国和各地区的视角分别对农产品物流的技术效率进行测度,探讨了外生性环境因素对其影响的差异及全要素生产效率变化的根源。研究表明:我国及各地区农产品物流技术效率均处于较低水平且存在显著的地区差异;外生性环境因素对我国农产品物流效率的影响主要表现为正向作用;我国农产品物流的全要素生产效率的变化主要来自于技术变化和效率变化的综合效应,其中东部地区主要来自于技术效率的变化,中西部地区则几乎全部来自于技术变化。改善和提高我国农产品物流效率是一个庞大的综合工程,宏观上要依托于我国地区发展的战略布局,中观上要倚重于我国产业发展的结构调整方向,微观上要注重于合理配置物流核心过程中人员、物资、资金及信息的流动。

Based on panel data of 30 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions from 2000 to 2009 in China, this paper uses stochastic frontier production function to measure the efficiency of agricul- tural products logistics and discusses exogenous influencing factors affecting the efficiency of agricultural products logistics and the resources of total factor productivity changes. The result shows that the effi- ciency of China＇s agricultural products logistics is inefficient and differences exist in different places. The exogenous influencing factors have positive influence on the efficiency of China＇ s agricultural products logistics and then Total Factor Productivity Changes is attributed to the combined effects of technologi- cal improvement and technical efficiency in China, among which technical efficiency changes are mainly in eastern regions while technical changes are almost entirely in the central and western regions. The im- provement of technical efficiency in agricultural product logistics in China is an enormously comprehen- sive project,which is supported by strategic distribution of regional development from the macroscopic view,and depends mesoscopically on the structural adjustment direction of industrial development, and finally allocates microscopically the flow configuration of staff, materials, capital and information in the logistics core process.