GLDAS数据产品在渭河流域潜在蒸散发模拟中的应用研究

Application of GLDAS data to the potential evapotranspiration monitoring in Weihe River Basin

蒸散发量是水资源管理的一个重要参数,目前的蒸散发模型中需要的大量气象参数,一般都是通过气象站点数据插值得到,对于缺资料和无资料地区有巨大的局限性。文中在对GLDAS气压、气温和风速数据产品年、月、日尺度进行有效性分析的基础上,将其应用于渭河流域潜在蒸散发模拟研究中,模型选用Penman-Manteith公式,对渭河流域2006-2009年日尺度上的潜在蒸散发时空结构进行了定量分析。结果表明:GLDAS数据产品精度较高,完全满足蒸散发研究的需要,较地面气象站点观测,具有较好的时空连续性,在全国性及区域性蒸散发模拟中具有较好的应用前景。

Evapotranspiration is an important parameter in the water resources management.A large number of meteorological parameters that evapotranspiration model needs are generally obtained by meteorological site data interpolation.However,this method has many limitations for the ungauged areas.Based on the annual,monthly and daily analysis,the GLDAS air pressure,temperature and wind speed data products were applied to the potential evapotranspiration simulation in Weihe River Basin.We selected the Penman-Manteith formula for the potential evapotranspiration simulation model.The results showed that the GLDAS data products have a high accuracy,and fully meet the research needs of evapotranspiration.Compared with the ground-based meteorological observation,the GLDAS data products have the better temporal and spatial continuity,and have good application prospects in the national and regional evapotranspiration simulation.