政府管理中伙伴关系的构建——以森林可持续经营为例

Establishment of Partnership in Government Management——Taking Forest Sustainable Management as an Example

当前,世界各国政府都进行了治理方式的变革,政府决策民主化、政府权力多中心化、赋权还权于社群成为不可避免的趋势,以平等、民主、参与等理念为基础的"伙伴关系"的概念被广为接受。从森林可持续经营问题入手,对支持森林可持续经营的伙伴关系进行理论分析,尝试构建了森林伙伴关系的组织框架,从并宏观和微观两个层面上介绍了中国在森林伙伴关系建设方面的实践与经验。伙伴关系是一个建立在共同目标之上、合作但未合并、自愿加入和退出的合作机制,森林伙伴关系的构建是一个多部门合作、多利益群体参与的行动,共同利益和相互合作是森林伙伴关系构建的前提条件,森林伙伴关系的建立需要关注弱势利益群体的能力建设。

Governments all over the world are making reforms in governance modes. Democratization of government decision-making, multi-centralization of government power and empowerment to the community have become an irresistible trend. The idea of ＂partnership＂, which is based on equality, democracy and participation has been widely accepted. This paper makes a theoretical analysis on the partnership for supporting forest sustainable management, trying to establish an organizational framework of forest partnership and sums up China＇s experience of building forest partnership. Partnership is a cooperation mechanism which depends on common goals. Partnership members cooperate with each other rather than merge, and can freely choose to participate in the partnership network or not. Forest partnership is an action in which different departments cooperate with each other and different stakeholders participate. Common benefits and mutual cooperation are the prerequisite for building forest part- nership, and in this process, the capacity building of disadvantaged groups should be given priority.