群众路线的历史样本:胡乔木与1961年农村调查

The Historical Samples of Mass Line: Hu Qiaomu and the Rural Survey in 1961

1961年伊始,面对严重的经济困难,毛泽东深刻反思,倡导走群众路线,重提调查研究,开展农村调查,成效卓著,其中《农业六十条》的制定实现了中央农村政策的重大调整。《农业六十条》几经修改与反复,胡乔木皆参与其中,并前后两度下湖南进行调查研究,在公共食堂问题上,胡乔木从最初的"美好观感"到后来主张解散的思想变化,也经历了由表及里的认识过程。同时也表明群众路线是中国共产党的执政法宝,但要走好群众路线,不能走马观花,必须做深入的、长时间的、多地域、宽口径的基层调研,真正到群众中去。

At the beginning of 1961, facing the severe economic difficulty, Mao Zedong profoundly reflected and initiated the mass line, he reverted to investigation and carried out the rural survey with outstanding results, among which, the formulation of the Sixty Articles of Agriculture realized the major adjustments of the central rural policy. Hu Qiaomu has participated in the repeated modification of it and went to Hunan twice for investigation. On the issue of public canteens, Hu's transformation of thought from the initial 'to look and taste good' to the later advocating to dissolve them has gone through the process of from the surface to the center.At the same time, it also indicated that mass line is the magic weapon of ruling for the Chinese Communist Party, however,to well implement the mass line, we cannot only skim the surface, but to conduct an in-depth, long-playing, multi-regional and broad-caliber basic level investigation, and go to the masses actually.