多囊卵巢综合征流行病学研究

Epidemiology of polycystic ovary syndrome

多囊卵巢综合征（polycysticovarysyndrome，PCOS）是育龄妇女最常见的内分泌紊乱性疾病之一，我国育龄妇女患病率5．6％，也是引起无排卵性不孕的主要原因。PCOS以月经紊乱、多毛、不孕、高雄激素症等为主要表现，易发生胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症、2型糖尿病（diabetesmellitus，T2DM）（非胰岛素依赖型）、高血脂、心血管疾病、代谢综合征、睡眠窒息、非酒精性脂肪肝、妊娠期糖尿病和妊娠期高血压疾病等，PCOS患病率与不同种族、地区、调查对象和诊断标准有关，大多数文献报道其患病率在5％～10％。

Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is a common metabolic dysfunction and heterogeneous endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by a clustering of hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, hypersecretion of LH, menstrual dysfunction, hirsutism, infertility and pregnancy and neonatal complications. PCOS also contributes to other long-term health risks, metabolic complications and psychological problems, such as type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus （ DM2 ） , cardiovascular disease （ CVD ） , poor self-esteem, venous thromboembolism （VTE） and anxiety. In addition, a wide range in the incidence of PCOS has been reported in small samples from different countries. As a result, most studies quoted a prevalence of PCOSranging from 5% to10%. However, previous reports from a variety of different countries demonstrate the diversity in the in- cidence of PCOS, and the prevalence of PCOS also depends on the criteria used to evaluate this syn- drome. Different PCOS prevalence surveys have been carried out in specific populations using special diag- nostic criteria.