大气降水中重金属的研究

Study of Heavy Metal Pollutants in Precipitation

人为源和自然源释放到大气中的重金属污染物,在大气降水作用下降落到地面,继而被土壤、水体或者浮游生物吸收,在生物链中富集,严重影响生态环境和人类健康。通过收集与整理国内外大气降水中重金属研究的相关文献资料,系统解析了大气降水中重金属的检测方法、基本化学特征及其对地表水、地下水、海洋生态系统以及土壤环境的影响,在此基础上指出了该领域研究的重点为大气降水对重金属元素在水圈、大气圈、岩石圈和生物圈中迁移规律的影响形式、影响程度和影响范围以及和其他元素相互作用的机理。

Heavy metals pollutants are released into the atmosphere from both man - made and natural sources. They are washed by the precipitation, and then, absorbed by soil, water and plankton, causing accumulation in the food chain which af- fected the ecological environment and human health. Based on the literature in recent years, this paper comprehensively reviews the chemical characteristics of the heavy metals in the precipitation, and the impact on surface water, groundwater, marine eco- systems and soil environment. This paper points out that the research focuses in this field are the influencing method, degree and scope of heavy metal migration in atmospheric precipitation among the hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and biosphere, and the interaction mechanism with other elements.